یکی از مهارت های آزمون آیلتس، آزمون reading است. ما در سری پادکست های آموزشی مرتبط با آیلتس، سعی داریم تا با تحلیل reading های آیلتس، به تقویت مهارت reading در آزمون آیلتس کمک کنیم.
متن زیر برگرفته شده از یکی از متون آیلتس است که اساتید المپ تحلیل این reading را در اختیار شما داوطلبین محترم آزمون آیلتس قرار می دهند.
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Features of a reading passage A footnote E heading B subheading F caption C column G paragraph D figure/ illustration |
♦ Most reading passages will have a heading and a subheading. The subheading is used to give you the context to the passage.
بیشتر قسمت های ریدینگ، دارای یک عنوان اصلی و یک عنوان فرعی هستند. از عنوان فرعی برای ارائه مفهوم و فحوای کلام به شما (خواننده) استفاده می شود.
زبان آموزان عزیز به آزمون زیر توجه کنید.. این ازمون ها matching هستند. یعنی شما باید سوالات سمت چپ را خوانده و با سمت راست مچ کنید و تطبیق دهید. در این قسمت هیچ گزینه اضافی نداریم. ما باید قسمت چپ از A تا D را با سمت راست تطبیق دهیم.
A Alpine Glacial lakes 1 Researchers disagree about whether social media is making us more isolated.
B Clean Dream 2 Climatologists are assessing the impact of climate
change on high-altitude bodies of water.
C Virtual Connections 3 James Clegg identifies two current trends that are
expanding the role of science in schools.
D Creating Young Scientists 4 Alan Parker outlines a recent breakthrough in
technology.
5 In the 19th century, a schoolgirl and a former
traveling salesman helped turn the humble soap bar
into an $18 billion industry.
♦ Understanding the context can help you to predict the type of information contained in the Reading passage.
درک کردن متن می تواند به شما کمک کند تا نوع اطلاعات موجود در متن ریدینگ را حدس زده و تا حدی آنها را پیش بینی کنید.
تست زیر مربوط به matching است. یعنی باید headings A-D را با اطلاعات زیر تطبیق دهید.
1 argument put forward by several different experts
2 a description of a project in mountainous areas
3 a discussion about the impact of technology on society
4 research linked to trends in weather patterns
5 a historical look at a successful business venture
6 an argument presented from one expert’s point of view
نکته پاورقی
برخی از متون آیلتس شامل footnotes است. پاورقی ها به داوطلبین آزمون آیلتس کمک می کند تا معنای تخصصی کلمات را بهتر یاد بگیرند: یعنی توضیح بیشتر برای کلمه ای که ممکن است درک آن برای خواننده سخت باشد. برخی از termها در متن توضیح داده شده اند و برخی دیگر را باید با خواندن دقیق متن فهمید. پاورقی ها راهی برای درک معنای بهتر لغات هستند. پس در نتیجه، پاورقی، توضیح متن و context متن به شما کمک می کنند تا بتوانید لغات تخصصی و لغاتی که برایتان ناآشنا است را براحتی درک کنید.
زبان آموزان عزیز به آزمون زیر توجه کنید. در قسمت چپ این نمونه تست، نام تخصصی واژه ای نوشته شده و در سمت راست، از شما خواسته شده تا معنا و توضیح آن کلمه را پیدا کنید.
1 tannin A a taste similar to a lemon
2 astringent B a chemical found in certain plants
3 alkaline C able to dissolve in liquid
4 oak gall D the opposite of acidic
5 soluble E becoming cloudy
F a problem found on the type of tree
برای اینکه بهتر بتوانید سوالات ریدینگ آزمون آیلتس را پاسخ دهید، بهتر است که نکات زیر را از نظر بگذرانید:
• زمان بندی در آزمون ریدینگ بسیار مهم است. برای هر بخش از این قسمت، کمتر از 20 دقیقه در نظر گرفته شده است.
• سعی کنید تا نهایتا در سه دقیقه، نگاهی اجمالی و سریع به متن بیاندازید.
• نگاهی به سوالات بیاندازید تا بدانید که به چه نوع اطلاعاتی باید در پاسخ به سوالات دقت کنید.
• حدود 12 تا 13 دقیقه برای خواندن متن به طور جزئی صرف کنید و به سوالات پاسخ دهید.
• اگر سوالی خیلی طولانی است، سریع از آن رد شوید و فقط کلید واژگان آن سوال را استخراج کنید. لازم نیست که تک به تک لغات را بخوانید و معنای آنها را ترجمه کنید.
• تنها 3 تا 4 دقیقه وقت دارید تا پاسخ ها را در پاسخ نامه وارد کنید.
1. What is the favorite drink Sid Cowans looks at?
2. What is tannin?
3. Under what condition one may have heard of tannins?
4. What are tannins responsible for?
5. Why does tea taste bitter?
6. What does the underlined “it” refer to in this sentence “When you drink a cup of tea, it usually dissolves and remains clear unless the water is too cold or too alkaline.”?
7. When do tannins not dissolve and remain clear?
8. Do tannins have a color when they dissolve?
9. What are tannins especially present in?
10. Why have Chines been using tannins for centuries?
11. What makes tannins present in drinks and medicine?
12. What does the dissolvable feature of tannins in water depend on?
1. Health: the condition of the body and the degree to which it is free from illness, or the state of being well.سلامتی
2. Tea: (a drink made by pouring hot water onto) dried and cut leaves and sometimes flowers, especially the leaves of the tea plant.چای
3. Look at: to consider something in a particular wayنگاه کردن/ بررسی کردن .
4. Property: a quality in a substance or material, especially one that means that it can be used in a particular way; property is also a particular physical or chemical characteristic of a substance. تناسب/ فایده
5. Favorite: best liked or most enjoyed. مورد علاقه/ مورد پسند
6. Drink (N.): (an amount of) liquid that is taken into the body through the mouth. نوشیدنی
7.Probably: likely to be true or likely to happenاحتمالا .
8. Heard of sb/sth: If you have heard of someone or something, you know that/ that person or thing exists. شنیدن (مجهول) باخبر بودن/
9. Tannin: (one of) a group of chemicals that are found in plant cells, especially in leaves, bark (= a tree's outer covering), and fruit that is not yet ready to eat.
(شیمی) تانین/ جوهر مازو یا تانن ماده‌ای شیمیایی است که در برخی از میوه‌ها و بذرها وجود دارد و حالت گسی ایجاد می‌کند. جوهر مازو ماده‌ای است که در عصارهٔ بسیاری از گیاهان وجود دارد.
10. Plant-based: consisting or made completely of plants, or mainly of plantsگیاهی/ برپایه گیاه
11. Chemical: any basic substance that is used in or produced by a reaction involving changes to atoms or molecules; of, involved with, relating to, or made by using chemicals or chemistry. مواد شیمیایی
12. be responsible for sb/sth/doing sth: to have control and authority over something or someone and the duty of taking care of it, him, or her مسئول بودن/ مسئولیت داشتن
.
13. Astringent: An astringent substance causes the skin or other tissue to tighten;
having a dry, sour, slightly bitter taste or smell.گس/ قابض
14. Bitter: having a slightly stinging, strong taste, not salty or sweet.تلخ
15. Taste (N.): the flavor of something, or the ability of a person or animal to recognize different flavors. مزهطعم/
16. Associated with sb/ sth: If problems or dangers are associated with a particular thing or action, they are caused by it. همراه شدن/ مربوط شدن/ مرتبط بودن
17. Cup: a small, round container, often with a handle, used for drinking tea, coffee, etc.فنجان
A cup of tea: یک فنجان چای
18. Dissolve: (of a solid) to be absorbed by a liquid, especially when mixed, or (of a liquid) to absorb a solid شدن حل
19. Remain: to stay in the same place or in the same conditionماندن/ باقی ماندن .
Remain clear: شفاف باقی ماندن
20. Unless: except if. مگر اینکه
21. Alkaline: a substance that has the opposite effect or chemical behavior to an acid. قلیایی
22. Occur in: (especially of accidents and other unexpected events) to happen. رخ دادن / اتفاق افتادن
23.Different types of sth: different kinds of sth . انواع مختلف چیزی
24. Plant: a living thing that grows in the earth, in water, or on other plants, usually has a stem, leaves, roots, and flowers, and produces seedsگیاه .
25. Food: something that people and animals eat, or plants absorb, to keep them aliveغذا .
26. Especially (adv.): very much; more than usual or more than other people or things; for a particular reason. خصوصمخصوصا/ به
27. Present: happening or existing now.وجود داشتن/ بودن
28. Oak: a large tree that is common in northern countries, or the hardwood of this treeبلوط .
29. Gall: an abnormal outgrowth of plant tissue usually due to insect or mite parasites or fungi and sometimes forming an important source of tannin.
( گیاه شناسی ) آماس بافت های گیاهی ( در اثر آفات و انگل ها )
Oak gall: a gآall on oak caused by the presence of insect larvae especially of the family Cynipidae.
مازو: فراورده‌ای گیاهی و کروی شکل است که بر اثر سوراخ ایجاد شده توسط حشرات برای تخم‌گذاری، بر روی شاخه‌های تازه درخت بلوط به وجود می‌آید.
30. Use for: a purpose for which something is used. استفاده شدن/ کردن
31. Century: a period of 100 years. قرن
32. Medicine: treatment for illness or injury, or the study of this.دارو/ پزشکی
33. Due to: because of به خاطر/ به دلیل .
34. Health-giving: (especially of food) promoting good health and physical well-being; conducive to health; salutary.مناسب برای سلامتی
35. Soluble in: able to be dissolved when mixed with a liquidحل شدنی/ قابل حل .
36. How much: the amount of sth. چقدر/ چه مقدار
37. Depend on/upon sb/ sth: to trust someone or something and know that/ that person or thing will help you or do what you want or expect him, her, or it to do.
بستگی داشتن/ منوط بودن
38. Factor: a fact or situation that influences the result of somethingفاکتور/ عامل .
39. Like: such asمثل/ به عنوان مثال .
40. Temperature: the measured amount of heat in a place or in the bodyدما .
41. Makeup of sth: The make-up of something or someone is the combination of things that form it. از متشکل از/ ساخته شده
42. Liquid: a substance, such as water, that is not solid or a gas and that can be poured easily مایع
43. Chemistry: the scientific study of the basic characteristics of substances and the ways in which they react or combine شیمی علم
44. Opposite of sth: something or someone that is completely different from another person or thing. متضاد مخالف/ مقابل/
45. Acid: any of various usually liquid substances that can react with and sometimes dissolve other materialsاسید .
46. Abnormal: not usual or averageآنرمال/ غیر عادی .
47. Growth: The growth of a person, animal, or plant is its process of increasing in sizeرشد .
زبان آموزان عزیز لطفا سوالات زیر را پاسخ دهید
1. She's always ...............life through rose-tinted glasses.
a. pointed at
b. Shouted at
c. looked at
d. aimed at
2. It's a tiny country that most people have never even……….
a. Approved of
b. heard of
c. consisted of
d. accused of
3. Council employees are responsible ......the upkeep of the gardens.
a. for
b. of
c. at
d. to
4. Sugar is a soluble substance, which means that it ..........in water.
a. resolves
b. dissociates
c. dissolves
d. results
5. Students are not allowed to handle these chemicals ………….they are under the supervision of a teacher.
a. unless
b. despite
c. if
d. however
در اینجا به سوالاتی که در ابتدا از شما خواستیم تا در مورد آن ها فکر کنید، پاسخ دهید.
پاسخ به سوالات Discussion Questions:
1. What is the favorite drink Sid Cowans looks at? Tea is the favorite drink Sid Cowans looks at.
2. What is tannin? Tannins are plant-based chemicals found in tea.
3. Under what condition one may have heard of tannins? If one is the tea drinker, s/he may have heard of tannins.
4. What are tannins responsible for? They are responsible for the astringent bitter taste sometimes associated with tea.
5. Why does tea taste bitter? It is because of the dissolved tannins associated with it.
6. What does the underlined “it” refer to in this sentence “When you drink a cup of tea, it usually dissolves and remains clear unless the water is too cold or too alkaline.”? Tea
7. When do tannins not dissolve and remain clear? They don’t dissolve and remain clear when the water is too cold or too alkaline.
8. Do tannins have a color when they dissolve? No, they remain clear when they dissolve.
9. What are tannins especially present in? They are especially present in oak galls.
10. Why have Chines been using tannins for centuries? Chines have been using them for centuries in medicine due to their health-giving properties.
11. What makes tannins present in drinks and medicine? Tannins are present in drinks and medicine because they are soluble in water.
12. What does the dissolvable feature of tannins in water depend on? It depends on factors like temperature and the chemical makeup of the liquid.
1) c 2) b 3) a 4) c 5) a
