پادکست آموزش زبان انگلیسی:Gerunds and Infinitives

زمان تقریبی مطالعه: 26 دقیقه

Gerunds and Infinitives

Gerunds

Gerunds are an important grammar form to understand and to be able to use effectively in the IELTS test and in your English more generally.
They are nouns and they are formed by adding -ing onto a verb. Take a look at this paragraph - the gerunds are in red.

How are they used?

1) As a subject • Walking is a good form of exercise Notice that a gerund takes a singular verb ('is' in this case). You must use the singular verb, even if there are multiple objects: • Eating bananas, apples and oranges every day is good for you. However, if there is more than one, then the plural verb is used: • Walking and swimming are both good forms of exercise. To make the sentence negative, 'not' is placed before the gerund. • Not exercising regularly is dangerous for your health.

How are they used?

1) As a subject • Walking is a good form of exercise Notice that a gerund takes a singular verb ('is' in this case). You must use the singular verb, even if there are multiple objects: • Eating bananas, apples and oranges every day is good for you. However, if there is more than one, then the plural verb is used: • Walking and swimming are both good forms of exercise. To make the sentence negative, 'not' is placed before the gerund. • Not exercising regularly is dangerous for your health. 2) As a direct object • Some people like swimming to keep fit. 3) As subject complements after the verb "to be" • A good way to improve your English is watching American TV series. This sentence is also commonly written this way: • Watching American TV series is a good way to improve your English. 4) Objects of prepositions In this usage, it is after the preposition: • Another method of learning English is to read lots of fiction books

Common verbs before gerunds

If you wish to put two verbs together, then the second verb will need to be a gerund and / or infinitive. For example, you can't say this: • We always finish eat very late. • We always finish to eat very late. If "finish" is followed by another verb, it needs to be a gerund. • We always finish eating very late. There is no grammatical reason for this as such, so you just need to learn the verbs and practice writing some sentences with those verbs.

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